Chest Imaging and Head and Neck Imaging
Hoarseness, dysphonia, and vocal cord weakness/paralysis – primary voice complaint
- Require laryngoscopy for the initial evaluation of all patients with primary voice complaint
Brain Imaging and Head and Neck Imaging
Hearing loss
- Added CT temporal bone for evaluation of sensorineural hearing loss in any pediatric patients or in adults for whom MRI is nondiagnostic or unable to be performed
- Higher allowed threshold for consecutive frequencies to establish sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL)
- Remove CT brain as an alternative to evaluating hearing loss based on American College of Radiology (ACR) guidance
Tinnitus
- Remove sudden onset symmetric tinnitus as an indication for advanced imaging
Head and Neck Imaging
Sinusitis/rhinosinusitis
- Add more flexibility for the method of conservative treatment in chronic sinusitis.
- Require conservative management prior to repeat imaging for patients with prior sinus CT.
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
- Removed requirement for radiographs/ultrasound
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak of the skull base
- Added scenario for management of known leak with change in clinical condition
Brain Imaging
Ataxia, congenital or hereditary
- Combine with congenital cerebral anomalies to create one section
Acoustic neuroma
- More frequent imaging for a watch and wait or incomplete resection
- New indication for Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF 2)
- More frequent imaging when MRI shows findings suspicious for recurrence
- Single post-operative MRI following gross total resection
- Include pediatrics with known acoustics (rare but NF 2)
Tumor – not otherwise specified
- Repurpose for surveillance imaging of low grade neoplasms
Seizure disorder and epilepsy
- Limit imaging for the management of established generalized epilepsy
- Require optimal medical management (aligning adult and pediatric language) prior to imaging for management in epilepsy
Headache
- Remove response to treatment as a primary headache red flag
- Include pregnancy as a red flag risk factor
Mental status change and encephalopathy
- Added requirement for initial clinical and lab evaluation to assess for a more specific cause
Oncologic Imaging
General enhancements: Updates to Scope/Definitions, general language standardization
General Content enhancements: Overall alignment with current oncology guideline recommendations, resulting in:
- Removal of indications/parameters not addressed by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)
- Average risk inclusion criteria for CT Colonography
- New allowances for MRI Abdomen and/or MRI Pelvis by tumor type, liver metastatic disease
- New indications for Acute Leukemia (CT, PET/CT), Multiple Myeloma (MRI, PET/CT), Ovarian Cancer surveillance (CT), Bone Sarcoma (PET/CT)
- Updated standard imaging pre-requisites prior to PET/CT for Bladder/Renal Pelvis/Ureter, Colorectal, Esophageal/GE Junction, Gastric and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers
- Additional PET/CT management scenarios for Cervical Cancer, Hodgkin Lymphoma
Other content enhancements by section:
Cancer screening: New indication for Pancreatic Cancer screening
Breast Cancer: New PET/CT indication for restaging/treatment response for bone-only metastatic disease and limitation of post-treatment Breast MRI after breast conserving therapy or unilateral mastectomy
Prostate Cancer: MRI pelvis: removal of TRUS biopsy requirement, allowance if persistent/unexplained elevation in PSA or suspicious DRE
Axumin PET/CT: Updated inclusion criteria (removal of general MRI pelvis requirement, additional allowance for rising PSA with non-diagnostic mpMRI)
Resting Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)
Evaluation of patients with cardiac arrhythmias
- Updated repeat TTE criteria
- Added restrictions for patients whose initial echocardiogram shows no evidence of structural heart disease, and follow-up echocardiography is not appropriate for ongoing management of arrhythmia.
Evaluation of signs, symptoms, or abnormal testing
- Added restrictions for TTE in evaluation of palpitation and lightheadedness based on literature.