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School-Based Outpatient Behavioral Health Services in a School Setting
14.00.04

Policy

COVERED

Outpatient behavioral health services that typically are provided and covered in an office setting by a licensed behavioral health professional provider may be covered in a school setting onsite and via telemedicine as long as the individual being treated is medically stable and does not require 24-hour medical/nursing monitoring or procedures typically provided in a facility setting.


For continuity of care during school holidays and summer vacation, behavioral health services may be covered at a school camp.


Outpatient behavioral health services include one or more of the following: 

  • Psychotherapy
  • Family therapy
  • Group Therapy
  • Psychiatric evaluation
  • Medication management
  • Drug and alcohol intervention and support
  • Assessment services (excluding psychological testing)
  • Crisis response and intervention/suicide prevention

Discontinuation of outpatient behavioral health services in a school setting should be considered in favor of an alternate site of service when one of the following becomes evident and is documented:

  • The individual and/or parent(s) or caregiver(s) have refused to continue with treatment recommendations.

  • Improvement is not seen within a clinically reasonable period of time.
  • The individual's mental status declines.
  • The individual cannot be safely maintained in the school-based outpatient behavioral health setting.
  • Behavioral issues are exacerbated by the treatment.
  • The individual is unlikely to continue to benefit or maintain gains from continued care.
​NOT COVERED​


Behavioral health services, excluding applied behavior analysis services, are not covered in a school site of service if they are part of an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). 


Behavioral health services provided by school staff are not covered and are, therefore, not eligible for reimbursement consideration.​


REQUIRED DOCUMENTATION


The individual's medical record must reflect the medical necessity for the care provided. These medical records may include but are not limited to: records from the health care professional's office, hospital, nursing home, home health agencies, therapies, and test reports.

The Company may conduct reviews and audits of services to our members, regardless of the participation status of the provider. All documentation is to be available to the Company upon request. Failure to produce the requested information may result in a denial for the service.

Documentation of the performing provider's qualifications must be made available to the Company upon request.

 
BILLING REQUIREMENTS


Inclusion of a code in this policy does not imply reimbursement. Eligibility, benefits, limitations, exclusions, precertification/referral requirements, provider contracts, and Company policies apply.


When offered face-to-face in the school setting, covered outpatient behavioral health services that are provided on school grounds are to be billed with the place of service code 03 (school) or the place of service code 99 (school camp).  


​Outpatient behavioral health services that are provided via telemedicine are to be billed with the place of service code 02 (telehealth provided other than in patient's home).


Guidelines

​School districts are encouraged to establish a formal agreement with any provider who will provide services on school property. The school district has discretion over which providers are allowed to provide services on school property.


Each child must have a treatment plan, and the plan must specify how a parent/legal guardian will be engaged in the behavioral health services provided to the child.


School personnel designated by the school district must approve and coordinate time and place for services within the school.


BENEFIT CONTRACT EXCLUSION

Services designated as intensive behavioral health services/pediatric intensive behavioral health services (defined in Pennsylvania Medical Assistance Manual Chapter 1155), except as specifically provided under this Program, are not covered by the Company and are, therefore, not eligible for reimbursement consideration.

The laws of the state where the group benefit contract is issued determine the mandated coverage.

Description

School-aged individuals spend most of their time in school, which offers an important opportunity to deliver in-place behavioral health services. Schools can provide prevention services aimed at supporting positive behavioral health, thereby decreasing the need for higher level care, and can also serve as a key point of access for school-aged individuals to receive more targeted services, such as therapy and crisis intervention.


Provision for behavioral health services in a school setting can also help address access and capacity constraints in the health system; schools provide an optimal venue for identifying school-aged individuals with behavioral health concerns and for delivering interventions. Compared with more traditional clinical settings, behavioral health services in schools are more acceptable to families and reduce stigma associated with treatment. School-based behavioral health services have shown positive impacts on emotional outcomes and academic functioning.


​The delivery of behavioral health services in schools has evolved over time and continues to vary across schools. Some school-aged individuals access in-person behavioral health services at schools or near campus, while others access services through telehealth, both of which maintain the same confidentiality standards of traditional outpatient behavioral health therapy.​


INDIVIDUALIZED EDUCATION PROGRAM (IEP)


An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a written plan for the provision of services for the education of students who are disabled or gifted.


Services are considered school-based IEP services when they are included in an IEP as defined by the Individuals with Disability Education Act (IDEA). School-based IEP services include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, private duty nursing, personal care, and behavioral health services.


References

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Guidance to States and School Systems on Addressing Mental Health and Substance Use Issues in Schools. [SAMHSA website]. 07/01/2019. Available at: https://www.medicaid.gov/sites/default/files/Federal-Policy-Guidance/Downloads/cib20190701.pdf. Accessed August 18, 2025.


Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Policy Lab White Paper. Building and Sustaining Programs for School-based Behavioral Health Services in K-12 Schools. [CHOP Policy lab website] April 2022. Available at: https://policylab.chop.edu/sites/default/files/pdf/publications/PolicyLab-Paper-Building-Sustaining-Programs-School-based-BH-Services-K12-Schools.pdf. Accessed August 18, 2025.


Frey AJ, Mitchell BD, Kelly MS, et al. School-Based Mental Health Practitioners: A Resource Guide for Educational Leaders. School Ment Health. 2022;14(4):789-801.


Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF). The Landscape of School-Based Mental Health Services. [KFF Website]. 09/06/2022. Available at: https://www.kff.org/mental-health/issue-brief/the-landscape-of-school-based-mental-health-services/. Accessed August 18, 2025.


Lai KYC, Hung SF, Lee HWS, et al. School-Based Mental Health Initiative: Potentials and Challenges for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:866323.


National Center for Education Statistics. Fast Facts: Mental health services in public schools. Available at: https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=1130. Accessed August 18, 2025.


National Association of School Psychologists. Comprehensive School-Based Mental and Behavioral Health Services and School Psychologists. [NASP website]. 2021. Available at: https://www.nasponline.org/resources-and-publications/resources-and-podcasts/mental-and-behavioral-health/additional-resources/comprehensive-school-based-mental-and-behavioral-health-services-and-school-psychologists. Accessed August 18, 2025​.


Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, School Based Behavioral Health. [DHS Website]. 2024. Available at: https://www.dhs.pa.gov/Services/Mental-Health-In-PA/Pages/School-Based-Behavioral-Health.aspx#:~:text=The Pennsylvania Positive Behavior Support,and emotional well-being of. Accessed August 18, 2025.


Pennsylvania Department of Education. IEPs and 504 Service Agreements. [State of Pennsylvania Website]. 2024. Available at: https://www.education.pa.gov/K-12/Homebound Instruction/Pages/IEPs-and-504-Service-Agreements.aspx#:~:text=option to pursue.-,Individualized Education Program (IEP),education services and/or accommodations. Accessed August 18, 2025.


Pennsylvania Department of Education. IDEA-Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. [State of Pennsylvania Website]. 2024.Available at: https://sites.ed.gov/idea/about-idea/. Accessed August 18, 2025.


Pennsylvania Department of Education. Drug and Alcohol Education. [State of Pennsylvania Website]. 2024. Available at: https://www.education.pa.gov/Policy-Funding/BECS/Purdons/Pages/DrugAlcoholEducation.aspx. Accessed August 18, 2025.


Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, Office of Mental Health and Substance Use Services (DHS-OMHSAS). Outpatient Mental Health and Substance Use Disorder Treatment Services in Schools: Considerations for Schools and Providers. 06/07/2022. Available at: https://pnsas.org/Portals/0/About SAP/SAP Teams/Outpatient Treatment Services in Schools_Considerations for Schools Providers_Final.pdf. Accessed August 18, 2025.


Richter A, Sjunnestrand M, Strandth MR, et al. Implementing School-Based Mental Health Services: A Scoping Review of the Literature Summarizing the Factors That Affect Implementation. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(6):3489.


Coding

CPT Procedure Code Number(s)

90785, 90791, 90792, 90832, 90833, 90834, 90836, 90837, 90838, 90839, 90840, 90846, 90847, 90849, 90853, 90863, 96127, 96156, 96158, 96159, 96160, 96161, 96164, 96165, 96167, 96168, 96170, 96171, 99202, 99203, 99204, 99205, 99212, 99213, 99214, 99215​​


ICD - 10 Procedure Code Number(s)
N/A

ICD - 10 Diagnosis Code Number(s)
Report the most appropriate diagnosis ​code in support of medical necessity as listed in the policy.

HCPCS Level II Code Number(s)

H0001 Alcohol and/or drug assessment


H0004 Behavioral health counseling and therapy, per 15 minutes


H0005 Alcohol and/or drug services; group counseling by a clinician


H0007 Alcohol and/or drug services; crisis intervention (outpatient)


H0022 Alcohol and/or drug intervention service (planned facilitation)


H0028 Alcohol and/or drug prevention problem identification and referral service (e.g., student assistance and employee assistance programs), does not include assessment


H0031 Mental health assessment, by nonphysician


H0034 Medication training and support, per 15 minutes


H0050 Alcohol and/or drug services, brief intervention, per 15 minutes​​


Revenue Code Number(s)
N/A


Coding and Billing Requirements


Policy History

Revisions From 14.00.04:​
​12/10/2025
This policy has been reviewed and reissued to communicate the Company's continuing position on School-Based Outpatient Behavioral Health Services.
09/01/2024

This is a new policy that will become effective 09/01/2024.


The policy has been developed to communicate the Company's coverage for outpatient behavioral health services in a school setting.​


9/1/2024
8/30/2024
12/10/2025
14.00.04
Medical Policy Bulletin
Commercial
No